Composite shingle.



0. W. YOUNG. OOIPOBITB BHINOLB "monza: mn nl. n, no.

Patented Sept. 7, 1909.

:Moenia A JI um W. 1011116. 0! OIIAHL. Nllwll.

OOIPOBITI SHINGLI.

lpntlttn o! Letten hielt.

Iutenteit Sept. 7'. 111011.

Anltnttea Il January n. 100|. lertal le. 414.045.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Ciminna W. Yonxo,

n citizen of the United States, residing ut (lmalni, in the eonnty of Douglas and Stute of Nebraska. l'nive invented certain ne'w nud useful Improvements in Composite Shingles, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to nu improvement in eoniposite shingles, or shingles formed ot diti'erent. rts and employing ditl'ereut ingredients in their composition.

The object of the invention, broadly. is to piovide shingles composed of in ients which nre plentiful and clieiip, but which, when combined and used in the novel miin ner herein explained, will result in the economical production of u superior article.

The invention luis reference to n shingle unide of exterior hiyers und an intermediate tillei'; ii covering or conting for the exterior layers, the tiller being traversed a nrt of its len li with.. lent. so that its thinner end wil not be rigid.

In the accompanying dinwing Fi ure l is ii perspective view of n shingle ein odying my invention. arts thereof bein broken away. Fig. 2 is ii vieiv of the siingle in lon itudiniil section.

eferring to the drawing for amore particular description, uiimeriils 1 and 2 indieate the res tive u per and lower layers. ordinar fe t paper in preferably used, iilthoii i I have einployeii cloth, straw and wood 'ber paper to advantage for these layers. n

As a filler 3 for deposit. between layers 1 und A2,' I em loy a coin tion consisting substantially in weight o the following iugrodients:

Stucco (derived from` gypaum 00 Hair b'er .005 Pulverized wood `or wood pul .385 Grap iite 01 These ingredients are suitably mixed with water an stirred as a lastic mass, the con' of the shingle. ,the huir operating to hold the piirts' together.

.\t thc time of depositing the tiller. n iii-- uble iueuiber. or elotli sheet l is embed( ed therein. being inter|msed Iliitwise. midway between hivers l nml .2 to extend from the tliiiiuer end one-luilf to ono-third tlu` lei "th of the shingle. the fuiirtion of this sheet ieiug to permit bending the shingle soiuewbnt. ut the time it is seeured to the roof.

.\t the time the shin 'le is uninufuctiued. uieuns ure employed or compressing it. lressiue is upplied to its sided while the tiller is phistie. so tliut its iesinetive ends huve thicknesses of substuntinll) one-six teenth und three-eighths of i'in inch. but this feature is not impin'tuut iii so fur us exurtness is eoneerued.

As n eoverin it hns been dried und becomes hui' eued. it is wholly immersed in u lieuted solution. consstiitig substuutially of the following ingrei ien s: y

Water 100.00 Silicon dioxid 33. 8b Aluminum oxid 22. 32 Iron oxid 4. 40 Calcium oxid (i. 0:2

Potassium oxid 1. (33 l Sodium oxid 06 Pnlverized coul--. .31.72

'lhe lust miined ingredients ure thoroughly stirred` und iin iidditionnl qmintity of wnter miiy be added to gi'iidiuite the heated muss to the consistency of ordinary point.` and l hure/used ns n thinner either liiisecd oil, gusolene or cotton seed oil, for iittnining n suitable consistency. The shingles ure dried after being immersed iu this heated solution, and are then ready for use, und to be laid in the ordinary way.

The coating or covering pre )tired in uceordunce with the ubove formu a' is particularly adhesive. impervious `to the weather and durable. It fnrnisliesa dryand somewhat polished snrfnce to both sides of the shin le, of ii black color. When'otlier colors nre esircd I add any suitable pigment. to

produce the sume while the solution is in the heated condition mentioned.

While the above formiihi has been used to udvnntnge und is preferred for nniny reasons as a covering, it muy be varied, und I do not limit myself to its use; und other suitable ndlies'ive coverings may he employed.

for the entire shingle, nfti-r live-nin or ccnicnt shingles heretofore used iaic been iuinotisfactoiw on account o1' their excessive weight. and nic often injured during the irin'c o1 nailing to the roof.

'lhcw objections have been oicrcoiiic, prncticallv. by the production of the herein de- Il v rciwin of its constroci cri ed -hingle.

tion. .-iiwdost may lic eiiiployetl which iii;

quite inexpensive. and its comparative light weight is an advantage in the cost of ship ping: and its comparatively light weig it allows a lighter coi'istrnction of a roof an i poi-t. than the kind referred to.' Nails, in t ie present Istructure of tlie shingle, may bev driicn therethrough without iii'ury, the wood pulp coiitrilnit ing a degree o elasticity which prevents the breaking or :teaming of tlic stucco.

l`or roofhaving a tnoderate pitch l have nscd shinglesl of liglitci.\\'ciglit than heretot'oi-c ilcscrilaiil nml wiih good results, thc composition ot the tillcr containing 4t) to 50 percent. only ot' stucco. thc ingredient of piili'ci'ized wood being increased corrcspinidiiigly to 58.5 nml 48.5 ier cent., in each instance using the -solution tirst above inentioned to forni the ii'iiici'prnof coating. These shingles. on account of their comparative light weight. are particularly adapted for nue npoii roofs lesa .substantially supported or having lin-'s pitch, than others.

'lhe solution nlioi'c inentionml for coniplctelr cori-ring thc parts, may be used when cold. if desired. the shingles being immersed therein. When colors are added. it is ati iidvantage to hare the solution well heated.

llnring fully described my invention, what l claim as nciv ainl desire to secure by Letters Patent. is,

1. .1 composite shingle, comprising iin npper and ii lower adjacent pa )er layer, a conipoaition deposited intermediate said layers and comprising in weight substantially, stucco .6oz hair liber .005; wood pulp .385; praphite. .01: said layers and composition icing coated with an adhesive. waterproof covering.

:.t. A composito shingle, comprising iin ii per ainl n lower. adjacent liiyer of pa r fell, a composition deposited between ssi layers and comprising in weight substantial) stucco .60: hair fiber .005; wood pulp .Btiifi and ii hardening ingredient; said layers and composition being coated with an adhesive, water roof covering.

3. composite shingle, comprising viin npg ing ingredient: a binding per and a lower. adjacent paper layer; s connai-.iliona deposited intermediate said layers and comprising in weight substatitially. stacco .6oz wood pulp .385: a hardening ingrcdicnt: a binding ingredient; stiiil lsiicr and coniptmition being covered willi an adhesive. water ii'oof coating.

l. conamsite a iiagle,coinprisin iiii npper'and a Iowcr. adjacent layer o piipcr, a composition deposited intcriiiediatei-iaid tai-ccs and comprising in weight ioilistan tially. stacco .60; hair fiber .005; wood pulp .3.65: graphite .01: said Iii 'ers and coiiiposition being coated with a so ation com rising. in weight.substantially: silicon dioxii 33.85; aluminum oxid 22.32' iron oxid 6.02; potassiuni oxid 1.63; sodium oxid .06; pulverized coal 31.72 and ii lubricating ingredient.

5. composito shingle, coniprisin v an nppcrand a lower adjacent layer of fet paper. ii composition deposited intermediate said layers and comprising in weight, substatitially: .-itncco.60; hair fiber .005; wood pulp .3:45 nml n hardening ingredient; said layers iiml composition being coated with ii solution comprising, in weight, substantially: silicon dioxid :$3.85: nliiiiiiiiiiiii oxid 92.32: iron oxid 6.02: potassium oxid 1.63; nodinni oxid .06; palreriaed eoiil 61.72 and a water solvent.

6. composite shingle, coinprisiii an tippcr and a ower adjacent layer o paper' a coinpimition disposed intermediate sait layers and comprising in weight snbstan tially: stucco .60; wood pulp .385; a hardeningredient U said ln'crs and composition being coated with a so nt ion comprising, in weight, substantially: pulrcrized coal 31.72: silicon dioxid 33.85; aluminum oxid 22.32; iron oxid 6.02; potassium oxid 1.63: sodium oxid .06, und a water sola'ciit.

'i'. composite shingle. composed of two hivers of straw iaper and n oiie-tliii'd layer of cloth alternating with layers of a composition in weight. substantially, stucco .60 pulveriaed wood .385; a hardening ingredient: a binding ingredient; the whole covered with an adhesivo waterproof compound.

ln testimony wiereof I have ntlixed my signature in presence of two witiiess.

CHARLES W. YOUNG. 

